vampires exist in the folklore of different cultures around the world for thousands of years in China are monstrous green-skinned and bright pink hair and red eyes in Greece, women whose lower body is a winged serpent called Lamia, in Japan are the Koomari. Penanggalang head in Malaysia. These are just different 'vampíros'de Eastern cultures, or whatever to this culture is a vampire.
the vampire we know and identify as such, has its origins in folklore and mysticism in Eastern Europe, however, These myths were influenced by Chinese myths and other parts of the East, during exchanges of materials with them, so they spread such myths in the culture of Eastern Europe, mainly in the area corresponding to the Balkan and Slavic cultures Carpathian Mountains in Hungary and Transylvania, which is now known as Romania.
peoples of these regions, people thought they were cursed, once dead, they left their graves at night to feed their own families or local passersby, their food of course, was the blood of alive.
To get rid of vampires, People resorted to all that was available, it was said that garlic and it frightens them off bunches of garlic hanging on the door, kissed a garlic before bed and hung crosses on their heads. Also decided to entertain their graves dropping handfuls of small seeds because they were said to have a fasinación by counting objects, so spent the night counting seeds and when they finished, the sun was out and had to return to their graves.
Here are some details that generally match the different European myths, however, each region has its own forms and varieties of vampires. In the region The Slavs gives one of the largest sources of myths about vampires, including a future vampire categorized according to certain characteristics, for example, said that those born with a membrane or tail, ie any physical deformity or born with a tooth, since newborns do not have teeth, even those conceived on certain days and times, those who suffered violent death or were excommunicated, were doomed to be vampires and avoid the ambushes were dropped handfuls of seeds counting or entertain through the body with pegs to avoid come out of the grave.
could to destroy them enterrársele stakes in the chest, behead them and put your head between your legs, sprinkle the grave with holy water and even exorcisms.
The "Vampire" world's most famous work of literature of horror, comes from Romania and there are myths about vampires Slovak variants, these were called Strigoi, which were divided into 2 types, the Vii and The Mort, the Vii were witches and wizards who were able to separate their souls from their bodies to meet the souls of others or Mort Vii, similar to the pandemonium of English witches. When you die you are witches and sorcerers were called Mort and returned from the dead to feed on the blood of the living to empty, were then Vampires. Romanian
According to myth, a person would become a vampire if he was born with some physical deformity, if he had been bitten by a vampire almost empty of blood, death will become one of them, who had been cursed by one and those playing with black magic were at risk of being a vampire to die, just as those who suffer from an unnatural death, would be vampires.
One of the ways that had to detect vampires in Transylvania and the surrounding former closer, before they wake up and attack the town, take a horse was previously blessed by the local priest, the cemetery and there do go over the tombs, the tomb, for which the horse refused to go where it lay was a vampire and proceeded to bury a large wooden stake into the grave in the area where he sensed was the chest or
neck
The Slavic people including most east Europeans from Russia to Bulgaria, Serbia to Poland have the vampire folklore and legends of the world's richest. The Slavs came from north of the Black Sea and were closely associated with the Iranians. Before the eighth century AD they migrated north and west, where they are now. Christianization began almost as soon as they arrived at their new land. But through IX and X century the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church fought against each other for supremacy. They formally separated in 1054 AD, and the Bulgarians, Russians and Serbs were as Orthodox, while Poles, Czechs and Croats became Catholic. This split caused a big difference in the vampire culture - the Catholic Church believed that the bodies were not corrupted saints, while the Orthodox believed they were vampires.
The origin of Slavic vampire myths developed in the ninth century as a result of conflict between pre-Christian paganism and Christianity. Christianity won, leaving the vampires and other pagan beliefs surviving in the folklore.
Some causes of vampirism: born with a membrane over the head, teeth, or tail, being conceived on certain days, irregular death, excommunication, botched burial rituals, etc. Some preventive measures: placing a crucifix on the coffin, or block the chin to prevent the body from eating the shroud, nailing clothes to coffin walls for the same reasons, to certain grains or seeds in the grave because vampires had a fascination with counting, piercing the body with thorns or stakes.
Some evidence that a vampire was roaming the neighborhood: Death of cattle, sheep, death of relatives, neighbors, exhumed bodies they were in a state like living with nail growth or hair, or if the body was swollen like a drum, or if there was blood in his mouth and the body had a healthy complexion. Vampires could be destroyed by staking, decapitation (the Kashubs put his head between the feet), fire, repeating the funeral service, holy water on the grave, or exorcism.
Romania is surrounded by Slavic countries, which makes it not surprising that their vampires are variants of the Slavic vampire. Strigoi are called based on the Roman term for owl Strix, which also came to mean demon or witch.
Strigoi There are different types: the Strigoi vii are live witches who will become vampires when they die. They can make their souls out at night to meet with other witches or vampires Strigoi Mort are dead. Mort Strigoi are reanimated bodies that return to drinking the blood of family, livestock and neighbors.
A person born with a membrane, a tail or outside marriage, or someone who died in an unnatural way, or died before baptism, was doomed to become a vampire. So was the seventh son of the same sex in a family, the son of a pregnant woman not eat salt or cared for by a vampire, or witch. And naturally, being bitten by vampire, meant the certain condemnation to a vampiric existence after death. The Vircolac who is sometimes mentioned in folklore was more closely related to a mythological wolf that could devour the sun and the moon and then was connected more with werewolves than vampires. Lycanthropy affected person could become a dog, pig or wolf.
The vampire is usually detected when it was just attacked his family or livestock, or threw things around the house. It was believed that vampires, like witches, were very active on the eve of St George's Day (April 22 in the Julian calendar, May 4 in the Gregorian), the night was supposed to all forms of poor circulation to the fullest. St. George's Day even held in Europe.
You could spot a vampire in his grave looking for holes in the earth, an undecomposed corpse with a red face, or had one foot in the coffin corner. A living vampire is the unmasked by distributing garlic in church and looking at who does not eat.
graves were often opened three years after the death of a child, five years after the death of a young or seven years after the death of an adult to discover vampirism.
Some measures to prevent a person becoming a vampire: remove the membrane of the newborn and destroying it before the baby could eat anything her careful preparation of dead bodies, including preventing animals that pass over the body, placing a thorny branch of wild rose in the grave, and put garlic on windows and rubbing it on cattle, especially in the days of St. George and St. Andrew.
To destroy a vampire, going through the body with a stick, and then beheaded him, then put garlic in the mouth. In the nineteenth century people were shooting a bullet through the coffin. In case of resistance, the body was dismembered and burned the pieces, mixed them with water and gave them to family members as a cure.
Even today, Gypsies frequently appear in vampire literature and film, no doubt due to the influence of "Dracula" by Bram Stoker, where Gypsies Szgany served Dracula, carrying his boxes of earth and caring.
In reality, Gypsies originated as nomadic tribes in northern India, but got its name from the ancient belief that came from Egypt. For the year 1000 AD started spreading westward and settled in Turkey for a time, incorporating many Turkish words into their language Romany.
For the fourteenth century were in the Balkans, and two centuries later and had sparse throughout Europe. Gypsies arrived in Romania shortly before the birth of Vlad Dracula in 1431.
Their religion is complex and varies between tribes, but they have a god called O Del, as well as the concept of the forces of Good and Evil and a strong relationship and loyalty to dead relatives. They believed the dead soul entered a world similar to ours, except that there is no death. The soul stayed around the body and sometimes go back. The Gypsy myths of the living dead were added and enriched the vampire mythology, Hungary, Romania and the Slavic countries.
The former home of the Gypsies, India, Tuen many mythical vampire figures. The Bhuta is the soul of a man who dies before his time. Encouraging loitering bodies dead of night and attacked the living like a ghoul. In northern India could be found to brahmaparusha, a quasi-vampiric creature with a body surrounded by intestines and a skull from which it drank blood.
The most famous Indian vampire is Kali who had fangs, wore a necklace of corpses or skulls and had four arms. Her temples were near the crematoria. She and the goddess Durga battled the demon Raktabija could reproduce himself from each drop of blood shed. Kali drank all his blood so that nothing is spilled, and so won the battle and killed Raktabija.
Sara or the Black Goddess is the way Kali survived among Gypsies. They believe that the three Marys of the New Testament went to France and baptized a Gypsy called Sara. Even have a ceremony each May 24th in the French village where it is assumed that this happened. One Gypsy vampire was called mullo (one died). It was believed that this vampire returning to malicious things and / or drinking the blood of a person (usually a relative who had caused his death, or had not done well the funeral ceremony, or kept the deceased's possessions instead of destroying them as appropriate.)
The vampires could return and have a normal life and even marry, but left their husbands exhausted. It is believed that anyone would look horrible, you are missing a finger, or had animal appendages, etc.. was vampire. Even plants or dogs, cats or farm animals could become vampires. Pumpkins or melons kept in the house
too began to move, make noises or show blood.
To get rid of a vampire, people employed a dhampiro (the son of a vampire and his widow) to detect the vampire. To ward off vampires, gypsies nails hammered steel or iron in the heart of the corpse and put bits of steel in your mouth, above the eyes and ears and between your toes at the time of burial. Also placed hawthorn in mean body or drove a hawthorn stake through the legs. Other measures included driving stakes into the grave, dropping boiling water over it, decapitating the corpse, or burning.
Despite the disruption of the lives of gypsies by the various eastern European communist regimes, they still retain much of their culture. In 1992 a new king of the Gypsies was chosen in Bistritz, Romania.
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